The future of awake bruxism assessment will incorporate physiological data, possibly electromyography of the temporal muscles. But up to now, temporal muscle contraction patterns in awake bruxism have not been characterized to demonstrate clinical utility. The present study aimed to perform surface EMG evaluations of people assessed for awake bruxism to identify possible different subtypes. A 2-year active search for people with awake bruxism in three regions of the country resulted in a total of 303 participants. Their inclusion was confirmed (...) through non-instrumental approaches for awake bruxism: self-reported questionnaire and clinical exam, performed by three experienced and calibrated dentists. Also, 77 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Temporalis surface EMG was performed with a portable device. EMG signals were sent to a computer via Bluetooth 4.0 at a sampling rate of 1,000 Hz. Digital signal processing was performed using the commercial neuroUP software, transformed in RMS and then normalized for peak detection, in a 10 min session. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct subtypes of awake bruxism: phasic, tonic, and intermediate. Individuals with a predominance of EMG peaks/min were classified as the “phasic” subtype. Those with the highest EMG rest power were classified as the “tonic” subtype. There was also an “intermediate” subtype, when both variables remained low. Characterization of awake bruxism physiology is important for future establishment of instrumental assessment protocols and treatment strategies. (shrink)

Márcia Elena Botelho Soares é psicóloga, graduada pela Universidade Federal do Pará, mestra em psicologia clínica e social e doutora em psicologia pela mesma instituição. Também possui especialização em saúde pública pela Universidade do Estado do Pará. Foi professora da Universidade da Amazônia e atualmente é professora titular da Faculdade de Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Pará. Contribuiu na formação de psicólogos humanistas em Belém do Pará e estuda sobre as convergências entre a Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa e (...) a Fenomenologia, tema que permanece atual na práxis e na formação dos psicólogos dessa perspectiva. (shrink)

A relevância adquirida pelo pensamento de Michel Foucault no Brasil contemporâneo é circunstância bem conhecida. A despeito disso, poucos têm se dedicado a investigar suas cinco visitas a nosso país, datadas de 1965, 1973, 1974, 1975 e 1976. Sendo assim, a autora desenvolveu a pesquisa "Michel Foucault no Brasil: presença, efeitos e ressonâncias", cujos objetivos incluem o estabelecimento de uma "audiografia" da presença do Foucault-corpo no Brasil - análise do modo como ele aqui ocupou os espaços de fala -, bem (...) como de uma "geo-epistemologia" - busca das condições geopolíticas de produção do saber - e de uma "cronobibliografia" das ideias de Foucault entre nós - exame analítico-crítico das temporalidades associadas à primazia conferida a determinados procedimentos, categorias, problemáticas e conceitos pelos intelectuais e militantes brasileiros. Para tanto, foram utilizados documentos escritos e fonográficos relativos às visitas, artigos, coletâneas e livros brasileiros voltados à discussão das perspectivas de Foucault, e narrativas orais tanto dos que com ele conviveram nas passagens por São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Recife e Belém como daqueles que, atualmente, exibem efeitos e ressonâncias de seu pensamento nos âmbitos acadêmico, profissional e político. Os ensaios que compõem este livro já haviam sido publicados aqui e ali, e foram apenas ligeiramente modificados - evitando repetições excessivas, mas mantendo alguma reiteração, para que possam ser apreciados em qualquer ordem, ou mesmo selecionados conforme os interesses específicos dos leitores. (shrink)

IntroductionRegular exercise has long been shown to positively impact the immune system responsiveness and improve mental well-being. However, the putative links between biomarkers of mental health and immune efficiency in exercising subjects have been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of a 14-week combined chair-based exercise program on salivary steroid hormones and anti-microbial proteins, functional fitness, and MWB indexes in pre-frail older women.MethodsThe participant women were randomly divided into the exercising group and the non-exercising (...) control group. The pre/post assessment included: salivary anti-microbial proteins lysozyme; and immunoglobulin-A ; salivary steroid hormones of testosterone and cortisol ; functional fitness ; MWB questionnaires.ResultsSignificant differences with large Cohen’s effect sizes were found on increased salivary TT after exercise intervention. The results revealed a decrease in IgA levels after CEP. The increase in subjective happiness levels and decrease of stress perception and depressive state were found after intervention in the CEP group. Robust statistical differences in gait speed and balance tests were also found in the CEP group. In control, COR increased moderately while no changes were found for the other indicators. Correlation analyses showed inter-dependence between pre–post variations of MWB, biochemical indexes, and fitness function.ConclusionThe CEP program was able to improve functional-fitness performance, decrease feelings of stress, and increase happiness. The CEP also induced clinically relevant hormonal and immune responses, which suggests that chair exercises that combine muscular strength, balance, and gait speed training are promising interventions to improve physical and mental health of older pre-frail adults. (shrink)

ArgumentThe process of institutionalization of Political Science in Brazil was conditioned by the country’s position in the geopolitical scenario proper to the Cold War, strongly affected by the influence of the USA and, later on, by the military dictatorship experienced between 1964 and 1985. The first Brazilian professionalized political scientists were, during their youth, anti-Stalinist revolutionary militants. They had been financed by the Ford Foundation to pursue their PhDs in the USA. In this paper, I argue that the north-American model (...) of ideological war included governmental and non-governmental institutions. Among the latter, the FF played a crucial role because it had a lot of credibility in state bureaucracy and was able to captivate the potential copartners, who would benefit from its grant, even the anti-American ones. The FF was able to do so because it was keeping a distance from the bellicose image of the USA. In this way, because Brazilian youngsters were leftist, the FF was interested in financing their studies. And, because they belonged to the anti-Stalinist left, they were more open than the communists and wouldn’t oppose to exchange with the USA. (shrink)

Esse artigo apresenta a categoria da dupla mimese desenvolvida por György Lukács em sua Estética no interior da peculiaridade da arquitetura a partir do exemplo da Catedral de Santa Maria del Fiore; o Duomo de Florença. Para tanto, nossa exposição se concentra essencialmente em duas partes, sendo a primeira delas referente ao reflexo desantropomorfizado da construção da sua cúpula que envolve os resultados científico-tecnológicos em resposta às demandas sociais presentes à época – a primeira mimese –, e a segunda parte (...) referente ao reflexo antropomorfizado da obra – a segunda mimese – que, em determinação reflexiva ao polo desantropomorfizado do reflexo, estabelece, em unidade formal, a dimensão estética da construção; sua dimensão enquanto arte. (shrink)

Recently, approach-avoidance tendencies and visual perception biases have been increasingly studied using bistable point-light walkers (PLWs). Prior studies have found a facing-the-viewer bias when one is primed with general threat stimuli (e.g. angry faces), explained by the “error management theory”, as failing to detect a threat as approaching is riskier than the opposite. Importantly, no study has explored how disease threat – linked to the behavioural immune system – might affect this bias. This study aimed to explore whether disease-signalling cues (...) can alter how we perceive the motion direction of ambiguous PLWs. Throughout 3 experiments, participants indicated the motion direction of a bistable PLW previously primed with a control or disease-signalling stimuli – that is, face with a surgical mask (Experiment 1), sickness sound (Experiment 2), or face with a disease cue (Experiment 3). Results showed that sickness cues do not significantly modulate the perception of approach-avoidance behaviours. However, a pattern emerged in Experiments 2 and 3, suggesting that sickness stimuli led to more facing away percepts. Unlike other types of threat, this implies that disease-related threat stimuli might trigger a distinct perceptual bias, indicating a preference to avoid a possible infection source. Nonetheless, this finding warrants future investigations. (shrink)

Neste trabalho buscaremos refletir sobre o racismo no Brasil a partir de uma perspectiva decolonial. Para tanto, utilizaremos a teorização de Quijano acerca do processo de construção do conceito de raça. Segundo o autor, o racismo surgiu como uma ferramenta de colonização, propiciando a expropriação de terras e a escravização dos corpos. Não obstante, a diferenciação e hierarquização de raças permaneceu mesmo após terminado o período colonial. Objetivando visualizar a progressão dessa prática no Brasil, dividimos essa investigação em dois tópicos: (...) 1) estudo da análise de Quijano sobre a raça e 2) identificação das formas pelas quais o racismo se consolidou no país, apoiadas no ideal progressista. Palavras-chave: Raça. Progresso. Brasil. Aníbal Quijano. Colonialidade. (shrink)

This study explores the importance of critical information competence and its relationship with ethics in contemporary society. Initially, the relevance of ethics is highlighted in determining the sciences to be studied and in the formation of critical and ethical citizens. The main objective of the work is to discuss how critical information competence can contribute to the development of Information Science professionals prepared for the challenges of the information age. The methodology adopted in the research consisted of a conceptual analysis, (...) based on theories of ethics, information science and education. Authors such as Aristotle, Ramonet, Elmborg and others were consulted to support the reflections presented in the article. The results point to the need to expand studies and practices related to critical information competence, aiming to train citizens capable of acting consciously in the information society. It is concluded that critical information competence is essential for the construction of a society fairer, more equitable and democratic, highlighting the importance of developing Information Science professionals committed to ethical and social values. (shrink)

Peroxisomal matrix proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and rapidly transported into the organelle by a complex machinery. The data gathered in recent years suggest that this machinery operates through a syringe-like mechanism, in which the shuttling receptor PEX5 − the “plunger” − pushes a newly synthesized protein all the way through a peroxisomal transmembrane protein complex − the “barrel” − into the matrix of the organelle. Notably, insertion of cargo-loaded receptor into the “barrel” is an ATP-independent process, whereas extraction (...) of the receptor back into the cytosol requires its monoubiquitination and the action of ATP-dependent mechanoenzymes. Here, we review the main data behind this model. The peroxin PEX5 is the peroxisomal matrix protein receptor. It shuttles between the cytosol and the organelle membrane, where it gets inserted into the docking/translocation module, thus pushing the cargo-protein into the peroxisome lumen. Resetting the system involves PEX5 monoubiquitination and its extraction from the membrane by the AAA-ATPases, PEX1/PEX6. (shrink)

parte 1. As ideologias no século XXI -- parte 2. Ideologias, ambiente(s), identidade(s).

As coreografias institucionais no cenário da pandemia da COVID-19: o ensino e a aprendizagem no modo remoto emergencial,de Ernandes Rodrigues do Nascimento e Maria Auxiliadora Sozares Padilha, último capítulo, trata das experiências de aprendizagemdos estudantes utilizando diversas metodologias ativas de acordo com os objetivos das aulas. Para eles, quando as coreografiasinstitucionais são focadas em melhorarem a experiência dos usuários, a IES termina criando condições que podem lhe dar suporteem momento de crise, minimizando, assim, os impactos negativos.

Resumo: O artigo parte do problema apontado por Michel Foucault na primeira aula do curso A Hermenêutica do sujeito, datada de 6/01/1982, a saber: o que se passa com o ser do sujeito em sua relação com a verdade? Para desenvolver tal indagação, o filósofo analisa, entre outros aspectos, saberes e práticas característicos da espiritualidade no período de ouro do cuidado de si (séculos I e II). Além de acompanhá-lo em parte desse percurso, pretendemos, com nosso texto, pôr em cena (...) as inflexões que ele implica tanto para o campo da psicologia como para o da formação de professores. Em ambos, é comum que emerjam polêmicas quanto às teorias a adotar como base para uma intervenção mais eficaz ou, preferencialmente, mais crítica. A diferenciação clássica entre ciências naturais e ciências humanas jamais se ausenta desse debate. O presente artigo adota caminho distinto, pois buscamos um modo de arrancar de nossas entranhas o momento cartesiano, arriscando-nos a adotar posturas antipsicologistas e eventualmente antiepistemológicas. Melhor dizendo, indagamos: como, na psicologia e na educação, a constituição de si por si mesmo pode se transformar em uma ética metodológica (ou metodologia ética) de trabalho? Palavras-chave: cuidado de si; espiritualidade; momento cartesiano; psicologia; educação Refusing the Cartesian model: How to equip oneself in psychology and education? Abstract: The present article starts from the problem pointed out by Michel Foucault in the first class of the course The Hermeneutics of the subjetict, dated 6/01/1982, namely: what happens to the being of the subject in its relation to truth? In order to develop this question, the philosopher analyzes, among other aspects, knowledge and practices characteristic of spirituality in the golden period of the care of the self (1st and 2nd centuries). Besides accompanying him in part, we intend, with our text, to put into scene the inflections that implies both for the field of psychology and for the field of teacher’s training. In both fields, it is common for polemics to emerge regarding the theories to be adopted as a basis for a more effective or, preferably, more critical intervention. The differentiation classic between natural sciences and human sciences is never absent from this debate. The present article adopts a different path, for seek a way to pull the Cartesian moment out of our guts, risking to adopt anti-psychological and eventually anti-epistemological postures. Better saying, we inquire how, in psychology and education, the constitution of the self for its own sake can become a methodological ethics (or ethical methodology) of work? Key-words: self-care; spirituality; Cartesian moment; psychology; education Rechazar el modelo cartesiano: ¿Cómo equiparse en psicología y educación? Resúmen: El artículo parte del problema señalado por Michel Foucault en la primera clase do curso La Hermenéutica del sujeto, realizada el 6/01/1982, a saber: ¿qué sucede con el ser del sujeto en su relación con la verdad? Para desarrollar esta cuestión, el filósofo analiza, entre otros aspectos, los conocimientos y las prácticas propias de la espiritualidad en el período de oro del cuidado del yo (siglos I y II). Además de acompañarlo en parte em el camino, nuestro texto pretende destacar las inflexiones que él implica tanto para el campo de la psicología como para el de la formación de maestros. En ambos, es común que surjan controversias en cuanto a las teorías que deben adoptarse como base para una intervención más eficaz o, preferiblemente, más crítica. La diferenciación clásica entre ciencias naturales y ciencias humanas nunca está ausente de este debate. El presente artículo adopta un camino diferente, ya que buscamos una forma de arrancar de dentro, el momento cartesiano, arriesgándonos a adoptar posturas antipsicológicas y, eventualmente antiepistemológicas. Mejor dicho, indagamos ¿cómo, en psicología y educación, la constitución del yo por sí mismo puede convertirse en una ética metodológica (o metodología ética) del trabajo? Palabras clave: cuidado de si; espiritualidad; momento cartesiano; psicología; educación Data de registro: 11/07/2022 Data de aceite: 26/10/2022. (shrink)

Resumo: Nietzsche e Freud produziram representações teóricas das mulheres e do gênero feminino muito similares. Por meio do método hermenêutico-crítico e da crítica historicista, a comparação entre essas representações corrobora a hipótese de que ambos os autores contribuem para a construção de uma rede representacional que articula fortemente a mulher a elementos de passividade, masoquismo, pudor, maternidade, submissão, docilidade e rebeldia. A análise permite-nos demonstrar a tese de Jean Laplanche, segundo a qual o gênero é um esquema narrativo ou um (...) código que traduz a sexualidade inconsciente. Para a teoria laplancheana, os arranjos de gênero fornecem uma organização possível – mas não necessária – ao sexual infantil, ajudando no processo de recalcamento. Isso se vincula a uma tradução generificada da atividade e da passividade originária em termos de masculinidade e feminilidade. Assim, acreditando que, em suas teorizações, tanto Freud quanto Nietzsche fazem uso dessa engrenagem tradutiva, herdada do social, torna-se fundamental desconstruir a imagem da mulher presente nos dois autores a fim de abrir espaço para representações menos comprometidas com a perspectiva falocêntrica.Palavras-chave: gênero; mulher; sexualidade; falo; passividade. Abstract: Nietzsche and Freud have produced very similar theoretical representations of women and the feminine. By using a critical-hermeneutic method and a historicist critique, the comparison between these representations confirms the hypothesis that both authors contribute to the construction of a representational network that strongly articulates women to the elements of passivity, masochism, shame, maternity, submission, docility, and insurgency. Our analysis lets us demonstrate Jean Laplanche thesis’ that gender is a narrative scheme or a code that translates unconscious sexuality. For Laplanchean theory, gender arrangements provide a possible – but not necessary – organization to the infantile sexuality, aiding the process of repression. This gets associated to a gendered translation of activity and original passivity in terms of masculinity and femininity. Thus, believing that, in their theories, both Freud and Nietzsche utilize this translation engine, inherited from the culture, we find it essential to deconstruct the image of woman present in both authors, in order to open the way to representations that are less compromised to a phallocentric perspective.Keywords: gender; woman; sexuality; phallus; passivity. (shrink)

Trata-se de um artigo de viés ensaístico que tenta apontar a impressão de que a instituição escolar habita uma densa crise existencial. A suposição que norteia essa reflexão visa à crise na educação escolar como uma aparência que costuma continuar velada na maior parte dos discursos críticos acerca da escolarização atual: o afastamento do sentido humano ontológico-social e do significado da experiência que relacionam professor-estudante. A investigação nesta atividade será realizada a partir de conceito recentemente desenvolvido, o absurdar-se, em uma (...) tentativa de aplicação desse conceito nas nossas experiências em escolas, nas quais atuamos como psicólogo da educação. (shrink)

Como área interdisciplinar, as Ciências Cognitivas começam a se desenvolver em meados da década de 1950 a partir de uma concepção compartilhada sobre a mente, hoje chamada de cognitivista. Esses pesquisadores concebiam a mente com uma natureza representacional que opera por meio de computações simbólicas. Atualmente, há uma multiplicidade de abordagens e teorias sobre a mente. Nesse espectro de posições, há desde abordagens tradicionais, que concebem a mente como representacional, até abordagens bastante radicais, que negam qualquer natureza representacional para a (...) mente. Após introduzir este tema, apresentamos as críticas de William Ramsey à representação enquanto definidora das Ciências Cognitivas ou, em outros termos, à representação enquanto critério de demarcação do cognitivo. Desenvolveremos uma hipótese interpretativa para a crítica de Ramsey mobilizando o conceito de estratégia de pesquisa, de Hugh Lacey. Apresentaremos a distinção de Lacey entre adoção de uma estratégia e aceitação de uma teoria, discutindo a suposta independência avaliativa entre estratégia e teoria. Finalizaremos com a defesa de um pluralismo de estratégias nas Ciências Cognitivas. Diferente de concepções que buscam reduzir prematuramente as Ciências Cognitivas a uma única estratégia, o pluralismo que defendemos equilibra a eficiência na resolução de problemas com outros valores considerados importantes, como a abrangência empírica e a neutralidade no sentido de inclusividade e equitatividade de valores. No atual momento das ciências cognitivas, o pluralismo de estratégias constitui o caminho mais promissor. (shrink)

he psychiatrich reform aims to break the hegemony of the drug therapies by the introduction of other ways of treatment not only seeking to control the behavior of the subject. According to this, the present work is about an Extension Project that propose workshops where was producing artwork aimed t..

The use of robots had already been proven to encourage the promotion of social interaction and skills lacking in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, who typically have difficulties in recognizing facial expressions and emotions. The main goal of this research is to study the influence of a humanoid robot to develop socio-emotional skills in children with ASD. The children’s performance in game scenarios aiming to develop facial expressions recognition skills is presented. Along the sessions, children who performed the game scenarios (...) with the robot and the experimenter had a significantly better performance than the children who performed the game scenarios without the robot. The main conclusions of this research support that a humanoid robot is a useful tool to develop socio-emotional skills in the intervention of children with ASD, due to the engagement and positive learning outcome observed. (shrink)

O artigo pretende tratar, de forma resumida, como a filosofia de Hegel, ao contrário de boa parte das interpretações canônicas, tenta dar conta dos problemas reais da política e sociedade alemãs. Da mesma forma a filosofia sartreana tenta dar respostas do mesmo cunho à cena concreta da vida francesa. Tendo em vista esses dois fatores apresenta-se o pensamento hegeliano, a sua recepção por Sartre e os possíveis aportes entre as duas teorias.

As experiências formativas realizadas ao longo do Itinerário Franciscano revelam que a reflexão sobre a Pedagogia Franciscana e o respectivo papel dos educadores nas instituições franciscanas, deve ser constante e em interlocução com a prática, visando ações que caracterizam a educação pautada em princípios, valores e atitudes. Logo, é preciso conhecer e aprofundar a vida de São Francisco de Assis além dos conhecimentos sobre o humanismo franciscano, de forma que os valores do mesmo estejam entrelaçados com os valores pessoais, tornando-se (...) alicerces para a prática pedagógica. (shrink)

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a reflexão de Hans Jonas acerca do estatuto ontológico do animal que está inserida, neste contexto, em uma análise mais geral sobre o fenômeno da vida e se apresenta como um momento importante na ontologia que pretende combater o dualismo e a ruptura entre animais humanos e não humanos. Ao reconhecer graus diferenciados de atividade espiritual entre os seres vivos, o autor, contudo, não partilha a ideia de uma igualdade plena entre os animais, embora (...) sua perspectiva parta de traços comuns que acentuam a transanimalidade do homem, ou seja, o seu pertencimento e, ao mesmo tempo, a sua diferença em relação às alimárias. Por isso, sua filosofia não se limita ao discurso sobre os direitos animais, mas, antes, pretende pensar uma nova ontologia animal e uma nova animalidade humana a partir da integridade psicofísica e da relação constitutiva dos animais humanos e não humanos no âmbito da natureza. (shrink)

Lógos é termo grego central para a construção do movimento sofístico. Górgias de Leontinos, um dos principais representantes da primeira geração desse movimento, propôs-se a refletir, em Elogio de Helena, sobre o discurso como um grande e soberano senhor, capaz de ao mesmo tempo produzir persuasão em Helena e denunciar esse poder persuasivo. Na primeira parte deste estudo, pretendemos situar o lógos como fabricador de vivências em seu ouvinte, o que sugere a compreensão do poder persuasivo. Na segunda parte, a (...) fabricação de vivências, diferente da persuasão, se identificará com uma realidade fictícia produzida devido ao engano voluntário. Por ser voluntária essa experiência do engano, o motivo da soberania do lógos está para Górgias, em que o discurso, além de persuadir, pode servir como instrumento possível para a fabricação de aprendizados, cuja experiência artística o seu próprio texto exemplifica. (shrink)

The article aims to summarize the literature about the profile of risk of orthorexia in athletes using the ORTO-15 questionnaire. The search was performed at PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Sport Discus databases, using the terms “orthorexia” AND “athletes” with the respective entry terms. A multistage process of selection followed the PRISMA 2020 recommendation. A total of 688 articles were identified, and six studies were available for the final process. The prevalence of risk for orthorexia was assessed by the (...) articles by the ORTO-15 questionnaire and ranged between 38 and 35 points. The comparison between male and female athletes and, athletes and non-athletes was not significant in the six articles. In conclusion, the review highlights that athletes from different sports, included in the review, do not present a risk of orthorexia nervosa considering the cutoff of 40 points, but not 35 points. Also, athletes present the same orthorexic behavior compared to non-athletes, demonstrating that orthorexia is an issue that needs to be considered in the general population. Moreover, a special focus should be given on the ORTO-15 questionnaire, about the sensitivity to diagnose the prevalence of orthorexia, especially in athletes. (shrink)

Religions today, actively participate in the daily life of most people on the planet, producing different relationships and conflicts too, from a reference to the transcendent existence, so the construction of their space of action - their territories - cut out ways different society, especially in big cities, where the clash of different world views imply different ways of living and feeling the city and others in this city. We propose here the discussion about territory and identity of the Church (...) of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, more popularly known as Mormons, in Belem, from the phenomenological method, highlighting the experience of church members as central to relational and hierarchical production that territory, so that it becomes a source of affirmation geo-symbolic group in the city and the world. Clarifying the designation of territorial identity and explaining their sacred ways of acting and conceiving the world contributed to deepen the debate in key categories to suit the social sciences in general: space and culture, and also debating and rethinking of the specific concepts geography in their culture perspective. (shrink)

This article analyses the role of sacred and religious art in Amazonia in the context of the catholic renovation movement of the 19th century, known as Catholic Reform. For that, it takes the order of the main altar of Our Lady of Belém by Pará’s Bishop Antônio de Macedo Costa to Italian architect Luca Carimini as its study object. This piece, along with others made throughout the period of Pio IX’s pontificate, constitutes an iconological programme as well as an (...) artistic and sacred narrative body, which testify to the pedagogical and political debates on the history of Roman Catholicism in Brazil in the 19th century. Besides that, it moves artists that acted under the patronage of Pope Pius IX in Latin American cities such as Santiago, in Chile, and Belém do Pará, in Brazil, putting in evidence the artistic, intellectual and religious connections between the Vatican and South America, as part of an international renewal movement of Catholicism. (shrink)

TOMITA, Luiza E.; BARROS, Marcelo; VIGIL, José Maria (Org.). Pluralismo e libertação. Por uma teologia latino-americana pluralista a partir da fé cristã DAMEN, Franz et al. Pelos muitos caminhos de Deus . Desafios do pluralismo religioso à Teologia da Libertação. Paulo Agostinho Nogueira Baptista KOSCHORKE, Klaus (Hg.). Transkontinentale beziehungen in der geschichte des außereuropäischen christentums/transcontinental links in the History of non-western christianity. Vinicius Mariano de Carvalho.

Michel Foucault visited Brazil five times from 1965 to 1976 yet the details of his overall presence in the country have remained largely unexplored even in Brazil. Heliana Conde’s Ensaios sobre Michel Foucault no Brasil has the great merit of introducing readers to these details through a reliance on a wide range of sources, including interviews with his interlocutors and the archives of the former intelligence service. While Conde's book covers various aspects of Foucault in Brazil up to his effects (...) and resonances in our present, she compellingly illuminates how the military dictatorship cast a long and ominous shadow over each of his visits to the country. (shrink)

O presente estudo – assumidamente escrito para celebrar os 50 anos do 25 de abril –acompanha e explica o motivo historiográfico conhecido como “consciência jurídica da Universidade de Coimbra”, associado à obra de Francisco Suárez, De Legibus. Não confundindo a dimensão antropológica e política da proposta suareziana com a alusão que o político português Mário Soares fez a Suárez e à teoria da origem popular do poder político, o presente artigo vinca, contudo, uma ligação entre os dois tópicos e (...) os dois autores, a saber, o imperativo da libertação humana como resposta a qualquer avanço do relativo enquanto absoluto. (shrink)

Índice del número colectivo Minga-Mutirão de Revistas Latinoamericanas de Teología 2013, «A los 40 años de la Teología de la Liberación: balance y futuro» VIGIL, José Maria. Presentación . BARROS, Marcelo; VIGIL, José Maria. Anunciaron su muerte, ¡pero está bien viva! Teología de la Liberación 40 años: balance y perspectivas . SUSIN, Luiz Carlos, Secretario Executivo do Foro Mundial de Teologia e Libertação, Porto Alegre, Brasil, Teologia da Libertação: de onde viemos, para onde vamos? ALMEIDA, Antonio José de , (...) Teologia da Libertação e transições eclesiasis pendentes para o futuro. ARAGÃO, Gilbraz, Recife, Brasil, A Libertação se desdobra em diálogo. Teologia da Libertação e pluralismo religioso. BARROS, Marcelo, Recife, Brasil, Para una teología bolivariana de la Liberación. Teología de la Liberación y Patria Grande hoy . SCHIAVO, Luigi, San José, Costa Rica , Tiempos oscuros, tiempos de monstruos. Teología de la Liberación y nuevos desafíos culturales. OSORIO, Sergio, Bogotá, Colombia , Una nueva dimensión epistemológica para la teología. La Teología de la Liberación y el desafío epistemológico. RODRIGUES SILVA Marcos, Coordenador da Comissão de Teologia Afro da ASETT, Teologia Afro (ou Negra) da Libertação: balanço e perspectivas. TOMICHÁ, Roberto, Cochabamba, Bolivia, Teologías de la liberación indígenas. VÉLEZ, Consuelo, Coordinadora de la Comisión de Teología Feminista de la ASETT, Universidad Xaveriana, Bogotá, Colombia, Teología feminista latinoamericana de la Liberación: balance y futuro. KERBER, Guillermo : Teología de la liberación y movimiento ecuménico. CASTILLO, Jorge, panameño profesor de teología en la Universidad de Nijmegen, Holanda, Teología de la liberación y «cristianismo mundial». VIGIL, José María, Panamá, Panamá, Teología de la Liberación en camino hacia nuevos paradigmas. (shrink)

Nestes artigos da Nação Portuguesa é perceptível um pendor mais prático que surge com maior clareza no princípio da série seguinte, na qual o periódico é seccionado em duas partes distintas, já claramente perceptíveis nesta segunda leva: a primeira, onde se inserem os estudos de momentânea curiosidade, feitos de crónica, transcrições, referências à revista, etc.; a subsequente, onde se podem encontrar os ensaios de crítica, filosofia, história e ciência, “em que os altos problemas do espírito vão sendo discutidos”. Por esse (...) motivo, foi desta última secção que nos ocupámos, tentando traçar as linhas gerais dos textos de António Sardinha, Pequito Rebelo, Rolão Preto, Afonso Lucas, Francisco Veloso, Rodrigues Cavalheiro e Avelino Soares. (shrink)

To date, the primary focus of research in the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been on the strategic implications of CSR for corporations and less on an evaluation of CSR from a wider political, economic and social perspective. In this paper, we aim to address this gap by critically engaging with marketing campaigns of so-called ‘ethical’ bottled water. We especially focus on a major CSR strategy of a range of different companies that promise to provide drinking water for (...) (what they name as) ‘poor African people’ by way of Western consumers purchasing bottled water. Following Fairclough's approach, we unfold a three-step critical discourse analysis of the marketing campaigns of 10 such ‘ethical’ brands. Our results show that bottled water companies try to influence consumers' tastes through the management of the cultural meaning of bottled water, producing a more ‘ethical’ and ‘socially responsible’ perception of their products/brands. Theoretically, we base our analysis on McCracken's model of the cultural meaning of consumer goods, which, we argue, offers a critical perspective of the recent emergence of CSR and business ethics initiatives. We discuss how these marketing campaigns can be framed as historical struggles associated with neo-liberal ideology and hegemony. Our analysis demonstrates how such CSR strategies are part of a general process of the reproduction of capitalist modes of accumulation and legitimation through the usage of cultural categories. (shrink)

The paper states a hypothesis concerning Thomas Reid's moderation in his reply to skepticism. It is initially argued that commonsense beliefs, though due to reliable faculties, are doubtful, fallible, and correctable. They are not completely immune to skeptical attack. It is further argued that Reid intends to reply only to one form of skepticism, the partial one – the skepticism of authors who accept at least one mental faculty as a reliable source of knowledge. Reid does not intend to argue (...) with the skeptic who equally denies his assent to the reliability of all faculties – that is, the radical skeptic. This radical form of skepticism is harmless to practical life and philosophy and, for that reason, is not a threat. Finally, the hypothesis advanced is discussed considering other interpretations of Reid’s reply to skepticism. (shrink)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar dois distintos projetos formativos: a paideia grega e a Bildung do esclarecimento alemão representada por Kant e Hegel, bem como o desenvolvimento desta última em Halbbildung no século XX. Para compreender os sentidos e contornos históricos em que essas formulações estavam postas, tornou-se necessário inseri-las no contexto mais geral das formações sociais em que elas estavam inseridas, revelando suas contradições.

The paper discusses Leonhard Euler’s theses in Reflections on space and time. After a brief introduction to the debate about the nature of space and time in the 17th and 18th centuries and Euler’s position in it (section 1), the paper advances two hypotheses. Based on an approach to Isaac Newton’s writings, it is argued that Euler understands the notion of “reflection” as a rational activity of thought (section 2). Furthermore, it is argued that Euler’s silence about the nature of (...) absolute space and time must be understood in the same way as Newton’s refusal to discuss the nature of gravity. Space/time and gravity exist; however, their natures are not accessible to the human mind (section 3). (shrink)

In this article I will look into Corporate Legal Responsibility taking into account Levinas’s notion of infinite responsibility, as well as his understanding of ethical language. My account of Levinas’s philosophy will show that it challenges – breaking down – deeply entrenched distinctions in the dominant strands of moral philosophy, within which the theory of individual responsibility is embedded, such as between:(1) duty to others on the one hand and supererogation on the other; (2) perfect duty to others on the (...) one hand and imperfect duties to others on the other; (3) insiders and outsiders; kith and kin on the one hand and strangers on the other; Levinas’s moral vision is an inclusive one which embraces all of humanity (at least of those present today) irrespective of historical, linguistic, cultural differences and diversities. In other words, each has responsibilities for and duties towards all others. Of course, one might say that there is nothing new about a universalising ethics – after all Kantianism, liberalism as well as utilitarianism are well known instances. However, more crucially, all these traditional moral philosophies uphold the theory of individual responsibility, which is rooted in the philosophy of individualism. Such a philosophy can make sense only of the concept of individual moral/legal agency but not corporate agency. Therefore, in this article I will attempt to show that the Levinasian vision is able to help us change our view with respect to corporate responsibility. (shrink)

Think tanks became key political and economic actors during the twentieth century, creating and occupying an intellectual and political position between academic institutions, the state, civil society, and public debate on organization and management. Think tanks are especially active in setting frames for what constitutes politically and socially acceptable ways of thinking about economic activity and the rights or obligations of corporations. Their operation and influence has been acknowledged and analysed in political science and policy analysis, but in organization and (...) management studies they are almost entirely ignored. In this paper, we review the existing literature on think tanks to develop an ethical–political framework based on a Gramsci’s account of state–civil society relations, referring to historical case materials relating to a significant Brazilian think tank, the Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Sociais. We show how the IPES was successful in bringing then-controversial neoliberal perspectives on management and organization into mainstream political debate, where they could be discussed and ultimately accepted as morally and intellectually legitimate. We note the importance of management education and business schools with respect to think tanks in the development of a hegemonic pro-capitalist interpretation of corporate responsibility, and suggest this is worth more investigation. We conclude by outlining how think tanks are central to civil society acceptance of pro-corporate ideologies, how they might be researched regarding the ethical implications of the work they do, and how our approach provides a foundation for this. (shrink)

From an early age, exposure to a spoken language has allowed us to implicitly capture the structure underlying the succession of speech sounds in that language and to segment it into meaningful units. Statistical learning, the ability to pick up patterns in the sensory environment without intention or reinforcement, is thus assumed to play a central role in the acquisition of the rule-governed aspects of language, including the discovery of word boundaries in the continuous acoustic stream. Although extensive evidence has (...) been gathered from artificial languages experiments showing that children and adults are able to track the regularities embedded in the auditory input, as the probability of one syllable to follow another syllable in the speech stream, the developmental trajectory of this ability remains controversial. In this work, we have collected Event-Related Potentials while 5-year-old children and young adults were exposed to a speech stream made of the repetition of eight three-syllable nonsense words presenting different levels of predictability to mimic closely what occurs in natural languages and to get new insights into the changes that the mechanisms underlying auditory statistical learning might undergo through the development. The participants performed the aSL task first under implicit and, subsequently, under explicit conditions to further analyze if children take advantage of previous knowledge of the to-be-learned regularities to enhance SL, as observed with the adult participants. These findings would also contribute to extend our knowledge of the mechanisms available to assist SL at each developmental stage. Although behavioral signs of learning, even under explicit conditions, were only observed for the adult participants, ERP data showed evidence of online segmentation in the brain in both groups, as indexed by modulations in the N100 and N400 components. A detailed analysis of the neural data suggests, however, that adults and children rely on different mechanisms to assist the extraction of word-like units from the continuous speech stream, hence supporting the view that SL with auditory linguistic materials changes through development. (shrink)

The advance in Internet of Things technology has increased the opportunities for a healthcare system design, which is an urgent need owing to the growth in population among the older adults in many countries. This requires giving thought to the kind of innovative technological design methods that can find suitable solutions for home care. The application of Health Smart Homes by means of the technologies of the Internet of Things, can be used to support rehabilitation treatment and help the senior (...) citizens to understand the importance of taking measures to maintain a healthy standard of living that can meet their needs. The aim of this article is to develop and assess a design method for the following purposes: to determine and map out the physical and emotional state of the home care users, such as senior citizens; to implement a participatory design that includes the user within its social, psychological and therapeutic context; to explore the flexible method when applied to older users; to provide a way for the users to be “personalized” through a wide range of solutions that involve analyzing the behavioral patterns of different individuals in a standardized manner and to define a set of smart technologies for each problem and senior citizen. This article sets out a collaborative method called FlexPersonas, which is employed for the flexible mapping of users and to improve decision-making with the support of Internet of Things technologies. In this context, computing systems can identify the behavior of the user and issue warnings to the Carers about any abnormal event. Studies with an interdisciplinary team point out the potential and drawbacks of the method. (shrink)

Are proneness to forgive, optimism and gratitude associated with life satisfaction? The main aim of the current study was to examine whether and how life satisfaction is related to propensity to forgive one's transgressor. Additionally, it also explored the relationship between life satisfaction and other chosen psychological variables, such as optimism and gratitude. The study involved 338 persons between 16 and 83 years of age. For the measurement of psychological variables the following research tools were used: Satisfaction With Life Scale, (...) Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory, Gratitude Questionnaire, and Learned Optimism Test. Among the study participants satisfaction with life was positively correlated with the conviction about a permanent and ubiquitous nature of positive events, optimism and gratitude. The study also observed a negative correlation between satisfaction with life, the motivation for revenge and avoidance motivation, and the perception of a permanent and ubiquitous nature of adverse events. (shrink)